2603.00329 BioWaveNet: A Kuramoto Oscillator-Informed Temporal Transformer for Foundation Modeling of Wearable Biosensor Streams with Biologically-Grounded Circadian Positional Encodings
Consumer wearable biosensors generate continuous multivariate physiological time series — heart rate variability, photoplethysmography-derived SpO2, skin temperature, and accelerometry — that are shaped by a hierarchy of biological rhythms operating across timescales from minutes to weeks. Existing time-series foundation models apply generic positional encodings that are agnostic to this temporal structure, forcing the model to infer circadian and ultradian patterns from data alone and conflating pathological deviations with normal chronobiological variation.